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Foreign ownership rules in Laos, explained simply

BY VIENTIA ADVISORY · LAST CHECKED 1 SEP 2026 · 7 MIN READ

Before you read: rules in Laos change, and what happens at the ministry can differ from what is published. This article is a starting point, not legal advice, and it may not reflect the very latest position. For the current picture on your case, message us - real answer within 48 hours.
THE SHORT ANSWER

Yes, a foreigner can own 100% of a company in Laos in most sectors. The exceptions live in specific sectors, in concession projects, and in land, which foreigners can never own outright.

The two laws that matter

Two laws set the frame: the Law on Investment Promotion No. 14/NA (2016), which decides who may invest and in what, and the Law on Enterprise No. 33/NA (2022), which decides what kinds of company exist. Neither contains a blanket ban on foreigners owning 100% of a Lao company. The US State Department's 2025 Investment Climate Statement says the same: foreigners may invest in any sector except where the government deems it harmful to national security, health, national traditions, or the environment.

There is no single "negative list"

Many countries publish one official list of closed sectors. Laos does not. Restrictions are scattered across regulations issued by individual ministries. In practice this means one thing: whatever sector you are entering, the current rule must be checked at the responsible ministry before you commit money.

Known sector caps reported in recent legal reviews:

  • Warehousing, storage and logistics - foreign shareholding capped at 49%. VERIFY
  • Road and bridge construction - capped at 49% for companies with registered capital between LAK 1 billion and 240 billion. VERIFY
  • Certain activities - forestry, accounting, some tourism activities and rice cultivation have historically required special licences or Lao majority ownership. VERIFY

General business vs concession business

General business covers most manufacturing, services and trade. You register, get your sector licence, and operate. 100% foreign ownership is generally available, and there is no universal minimum capital.

Concession business covers projects using state resources: mining, hydropower, large plantations, major telecom and similar. These need a negotiated agreement with the government, often end up as joint ventures, and registered capital must be at least 30% of total project capital.

General business - most of you

  • Cafes, factories, services, online businesses
  • 100% foreign ownership generally available
  • No universal minimum capital
  • Register, get licence, operate

Concession business

  • Mining, hydropower, plantations, telecom
  • Negotiated deal with government, often JV
  • Registered capital at least 30% of project
  • Slower, heavier, monitored

If your plan is a cafe, a factory, a consultancy or an online business, you are almost certainly a general business, and your life is much simpler.

Land: lease yes, own no

Foreigners and foreign-owned companies cannot own land in Laos. What you can do: lease from the state for up to about 50 years, lease from a Lao citizen for up to about 30 years, or lease up to 75 years in a Special Economic Zone. Investors with registered capital of USD 500,000 or more may purchase long-term land use rights - a strong, registrable right, but still not freehold. VERIFY

HOW LONG CAN A FOREIGNER HOLD LAND? (LEASE, NOT OWNERSHIP)
Lease from a citizen
30 yrs
State concession
50 yrs
Special Economic Zone
75 yrs

Typical maximum terms, usually renewable. Freehold ownership: never available to foreigners.

Common questions

Can a foreigner own 100% of a company in Laos?

Yes, in most sectors. The Investment Promotion Law expressly permits it. Exceptions are sector caps such as logistics, and concession projects where ownership is negotiated.

Can a foreigner buy land in Laos?

No. Foreigners can lease land (30 to 50 years, or 75 in special economic zones) or, above USD 500,000 registered capital, purchase long-term land use rights. Freehold is not available.

Is there a minimum capital to start a company?

No universal minimum for ordinary businesses. Minimums come from sector rules; concession businesses need registered capital of at least 30% of total project capital.

Sources: Tilleke & Gibbins, Panoramic Foreign Investment Review Laos 2025 (Feb 2025) · US Department of State, 2025 Laos Investment Climate Statement (Sep 2025) · Law on Investment Promotion No. 14/NA, UNCTAD Investment Laws Navigator · WIPO Lex translations · ASEAN Briefing · DFDL/JLL Property Investment Guide · Lexology snapshots (2024).

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